Beta-adrenomimetics

This group includes adrenomimetiki inciting only beta-adrenergic receptors. They include non-selective beta1-, beta2-agonists (isoprenaline, orciprenaline) and selective: a beta1-adrenoceptor agonist (dobutamine) and beta2-agonists (salbutamol, fenoterol, terbutaline, etc.). As a result of excitation of beta-adrenergic receptors activates membrane adenylyl cyclase and increases the level of intracellular calcium. Nonselective beta-agonists increase the frequency and force of heart contractions, while simultaneously relaxing the smooth muscles of the bronchi. The development of unwanted tachycardia limits their use in relieving bronchospasm. In contrast, selective beta2-adrenoceptor agonist widely used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (chronic bronchitis, emphysema, etc.), as they give less side effects (on the heart). Beta2-adrenoceptor agonist and administered parenterally, and orally, however the most effective inhalation.

Selective beta1-adrenoceptor agonist more likely to have an effect on the heart muscle, causing a positive Ino-, Chrono - and batmotropony effect, and less pronounced decrease in systemic vascular resistance. They are used as adjuvant in acute and chronic heart failure.



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